Weighting fibers of cellulose derivatives



Patented Oct. 15, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE" CAMILLE DREYEUS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND HERBERT IPLATT, OF CUMBERLAND,

MARYLAND, ASSIGNORS TO CELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORA- TION OF DELAWARE WEIGHTING FIBERS 0F CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES No Drawing.

"ous or subsequent treatment with other substances to'fix the tannic acid, valuable results are produced without impairing the appearance or other qualities of the materials. One of these results is a substantial increase in the weight and volume of the materials treated.

It also renders yarns, fibers and fabrics of such materials, and particularly of cellulose acetate, more resistant to heat, so that they can be ironed with a hot iron similarly to other fabrics. The inflammability thereof is also reduced and the slipping of the fabricsis lessened. Furthermore, it is found that in the case of circular knitted fabrics made with cellulose acetate silk and treated in this manner, the laddering capacity of the fabric becomes much less. I

The character of the invention and the mode of application thereof can probably be best set forth by giving certain examples which are to be regarded merely as illustrative and not as limiting the scope of the invention.

Ewample N o. 1

1 part of artificial silk made from cellulose I acetate is treated with 30 parts of a 30% solution of tannic acid at a temperature of about- C. for three-quarters of an hour. This results in a marked increase in weight after the silk has been rinsed. Ifthe material. is treated with a tannic acid solution of this strength in the cold, there is less increase in the weight. On the other hand, a treatment with a 30% solution of tannicacid for two hours with a temperature of from 80 to. 85 C. results in avery marked increase in the weight of the materials.

Example N0. 2

1 part of cellulose acetate silk is treated.

Application filed October 24, 1925. Serial No. 64,699.

for approximately two hours. The subsequent' treatment with tartar emetic results in a further lncrease in the weight of the silk.

Ewample N0. 3

Cellulose acetate artificial silk is treated with a 30% tannic acid solution for two hours at about 45 to 80 (1., rinsed in water and subsequently treated with 5% stannic chloride in the cold for twenty-four hours. Excellent results may be obtained by treatment with 30% solution at from 45 to 55 C.

Example N 0. 4

Example N 0.

1 part of artificial silk is treated with 30 parts of a 30% stannic chloride solution for one hour at from 40 to (3., then rinsed oil in water'and treated with 30% tannic acid for one-half hour at from 55 to 80 C. The increase in weight is very great with a relatively small loss on washing, but the quality of the resultant product is not quite so satis factory in other respects.

Itwill be noted that tannic acidmay be used alone with excellent results or that it may be followed by a subsequent treatment with stannic chloride or tartar emetic, or that the materials may be treated first with stannic chloride and subsequently with tannic acid, and it will be understood that in the claims, when speaking of treatment with a solution comprising tannic acid and with a solution comprising a metal salt, such previous treatment with the metal salt followed by treatment with tannic acid is likewise included. The treatment with tannic acid alone or followed b subsequent treatment appears to be prefera 1e. The strength of the solu{- tions may vary and the temperature may also vary. These two factors have a certain relation to eachother and are also related to theduration of the reaction. The lower the tem perature the longer time and stronger solution necessary. In the case of tannic acid, the

tem erature limits are from cold to 85 C. and pre erably from 50 to 70. The time of reaction may Vary from one-half hour to two hours. When material treated with tannic acid is subjected to a subsequent treatment with stannic chloride or tartar emetic, this is carried out either in the cold or preferably at a lower temperature than the first treatment.

While the process is particularly adapted for cellulose acetate silk, it is not limited in its application thereto but may be applied to fibers or fabrics of other cellulose derivatives. It may also be applied to a fabric or fiber which is entirely formed of cellulose ace tate or other cellulose derivatives or to a fiber or fabric which-is composed partly of such cellulose compounds and partly of other materials, such as silk, etc. In the claims it is to be understood that the term material ineludes fabrics, fibers, or the like, and that where treatment with a solution comprising a certain substance is mentioned, it is understood that the solution may consist solely of such substance or of such substance combined with other substances. By the term swelling agent as used in the claims we mean a substance or solution which is mutually soluble in cellulose acetate. Thus tannic acid itself in certain concentrations is a swelling agent as are also sufficiently concentrated solutions of some metallic salts. ()ther well known swelling agents of organic derivatives of cellulose are formic acid, acetic acid, phenol,

'iurfurol, pyridine, metallic thiocyanates etc. In general, it is to be remembered that the V invention is to be regarded as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

We clann: I

1. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic substitution derivative of cellulose, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is aswelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting. I i

2;. -A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic substitution derivative of cellulose which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains I tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting and with another substance adapted to fix the tannic acid.

3. process forthe weighting of material cpmpnsmgl an organic substitution derivatrue of cc ulose, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swellmg' agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with a solution comprising a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

tive of cellulose,which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swell-- ing agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprising tartar emetic.

6. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic substitution derivative of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to C.'with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting.

7. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic substitution derivativeof cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for .i'nordanting, and with another substance adapted; to fix the tannic acid.

8. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic substitution derivative of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with a solution comprising a metal' salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

9. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic substitution derivative of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for. said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprising ametal salt adapted to fix the tannic exceed that required for mordanting, and

subsequently prising tartar emetic.

treating with a solution commaterial and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting.

12. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and-concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with another substance adapted to fix the tannic acid.

13. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with a solution comprising a -metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

14. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprising a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

15. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprisin tartar emetic.

16. process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting.

17 A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose,

'which' comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with another substance adapted to fix the tannic acid.

18. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic -ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with a solution comprisin a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic aci 19. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprising a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

20. A process for the weighting of material comprising an organic ester of cellulose, which comprises treating said material at about 4580 G. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and con-' tains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprising tartar emetic.

21. A process for the weighting of material comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises.

rial comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with another substance adapted to fix the tannic acid.

23. A process for the weighting of material comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and-contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with a solution comprising a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

24. A process for the weighting of material comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required 'for mordanting, and subsequently treating with-a solution comprising tartar emetic.

26. A process for the weighting of material comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordant mg. f

27. A process forthe weighting of material comprising-cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with another substance'adapted to fix the tannic acid.

28. A process for the weighting of material comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and with a solution comprising a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

29. A process for the weighting of material comprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a solution which is a swelling agent for said material and contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treating with a solution comprising a metal salt adapted to fix the tannic acid.

30. A process for the weighting of materialcomprising cellulose acetate, which comprises treating said material at about 45 to 80 C. with a'solution which is a swelling agent for said material and'contains tannic acid in such quantity and concentration as to materially exceed that required for mordanting, and subsequently treatingwith a solution comprising tartar emetic.

a In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

CAMILLE DREYFUS.

HERBERT PLATT. 

